UN/LOCODE: CNYPG📍 China
Port of Yangpu Port (UN/LOCODE CNYPG)
❖ Coordinates: 19.7000°N, 109.2000°E
❖ Time Zone: Asia/Shanghai
❖ UN/LOCODE: CNYPG
## About the Port
Yangpu Port (UN/LOCODE: **CNYPG**) is a strategic deep‑water gateway on the northeastern coast of Hainan Island, China. Situated at **19.7° N latitude and 109.2° E longitude**, the port operates on China Standard Time (UTC + 8) and falls within the Asia/Shanghai timezone. Managed jointly by the Hainan Provincial Transportation Department and the state‑owned Yangpu Port Group, the facility serves both containerized and bulk cargo operations, supporting the island’s burgeoning tourism sector, offshore energy projects, and the Southern China Sea trade corridor.
The port’s natural deep harbor, with berthing depths exceeding **15 m**, allows it to accommodate ultra‑large container vessels (ULCVs) and Very Large Crude Carriers (VLCCs) without extensive dredging. Its location—approximately 250 km south of the Gulf of Tonkin and 600 km north of the Strait of Malacca—places Yangyang Port at a logistical nexus between mainland China, Southeast Asian markets, and the burgeoning Indian Ocean trade routes.
Key identifiers:
- **UN/LOCODE:** CNYPG
- **Country:** China
- **Province:** Hainan
- **Timezone:** Asia/Shanghai (UTC + 8)
- **Coordinates:** 19.7 N, 109.2 E
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## History
### Early Development (1950s–1970s)
Yangpu Port originated as a modest fishing wharf during the early People’s Republic era. In the 1960s, the central government recognized Hainan’s strategic value for southern maritime defense and initiated a military‑civil conversion program. This first wave of investment added a single concrete quay and basic cargo handling gear, primarily serving regional agricultural exports such as tropical fruits and rubber.
### Expansion under Reform & Opening (1980s–1990s)
The economic reforms of the 1980s catalyzed a shift toward commercial development. In 1984, the port was designated a **“National Coastal Open Port”**, unlocking foreign investment and technical assistance from Japan and Germany. By 1993, the first container terminal (Terminal 1) was commissioned, featuring a 300‑meter berth, gantry cranes, and a 500‑meter container yard. These upgrades allowed the port to handle its first 20‑foot equivalent unit (FEU) vessels.
### Modernization and Belt & Road Integration (2000s–Present)
The 2000s saw Yangpu Port integrated into the **Maritime Silk Road** component of China’s Belt & Road Initiative (BRI). Substantial state funding enabled the construction of a new deep‑water terminal (Terminal 2) in 2008, equipped with Super‑Post-Panamax gantry cranes and an automated stacking system. In 2015, a dedicated **offshore support base** was added to serve the South China Sea oil and gas fields, reflecting the port’s diversified cargo mix. Recent years have focused on digitalization—implementing a Port Community System (PCS) compliant with the IMO’s e-Navigation framework—to streamline customs clearance, vessel traffic services (VTS), and cargo tracking.
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## Infrastructure & Facilities
### Berths and Water Depth
- **Total berths:** 24 (including 8 dedicated container berths)
- **Maximum draft:** 16 m (suitable for ULCVs up to 22 000 TEU)
- **Waterway width:** 300 m at the entrance, complying with the International Maritime Organization (IMO) standards for safe two‑way traffic
### Container Terminals
| Terminal | Length (m) | Cranes | Yard Capacity (TEU) | Automation |
|----------|------------|--------|----------------------|------------|
| T1 (Legacy) | 600 | 2 × G+S gantry | 700,000 | Semi‑automated |
| T2 (Deep‑water) | 900 | 4 × Super‑Post‑Panamax GCs | 1.2 million | Fully automated RS‑IS |
The terminals feature **RTG (Rubber‑Tyred Gantry) cranes**, **RTS (Rail‑Mounted) stackers**, and a **cold‑storage complex** for perishable goods, supporting a diverse cargo portfolio that includes fruits, seafood, and pharmaceuticals.
### Bulk and General Cargo Facilities
- **Bulk terminals:** 2 (one dedicated to coal, another to iron ore) with **hydraulic unloaders** and **conveyor belts** capable of handling 30 Mt per annum.
- **General cargo sheds:** 150 000 m² of covered space, equipped with **overhead cranes (30‑ton capacity)**.
- **Oil & Gas Support:** A **4‑berth offshore service base** with **tug‑assist facilities**, **pilotage**, and **dangerous goods handling** compliant with the IMO International Code for the Safety of Bulk Carriers.
### Ancillary Services
- **Customs & Inspection:** Integrated with the China International Trade Single Window (CITSW) for electronic documentation.
- **Logistics parks:** The Yangpu Free Trade Zone (FTZ) offers **tax incentives**, **warehouse leasing**, and **value‑added services** such as packaging, labeling, and light manufacturing.
- **Connectivity:** Direct access to the **G98 Hainan Ring Expressway** and the **Haikou–Sanya high‑speed railway**, linking the port to the island’s major urban centers and inland China via the **Guangzhou–Shenzhen–Hong Kong (GSH) rail corridor**.
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## Economic Importance
### Regional Development
Yangpu Port is a linchpin of Hainan’s “International Tourism Island” strategy, facilitating the import of construction materials, consumer goods, and luxury items required by the island’s upscale hospitality sector. According to the Hainan Provincial Statistics Bureau, the port handled **approximately 68 million tons of cargo in 2023**, reflecting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of **7.4 %** since 2015.
### Employment and Revenue
- **Direct employment:** ~3,200 personnel (including dockworkers, technical staff, and administrative units).
- **Indirect employment:** Estimated at 15,000 jobs across logistics, transport, and ancillary services.
- **Annual revenue:** ≈ **¥4.2 billion** (US $620 million) from cargo handling fees, berth rentals, and ancillary services.
### Integration with National Initiatives
Yangpu Port’s capacity to handle ultra‑large vessels aligns with China’s **“China Shipping 2025”** agenda, aiming to increase domestic shipping efficiency and reduce reliance on foreign terminal operators. The port’s FTZ status enables **simplified customs clearance**, supporting the **“Hainan Free Trade Pilot Zone”** and encouraging foreign direct investment (FDI) in logistics and manufacturing.
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## Trade Routes & Major Cargo
### Primary Trade Corridors
1. **South China Sea Loop:** Frequent sailings to Haikou (Hainan), Zhuhai, and Shenzhen, feeding the domestic coastal supply chain.
2. **East Asia Corridor:** Regular services to Singapore, Jakarta, and Manila, integrating Yangpu into ASEAN supply networks.
3. **India‑Pacific Axis:** Emerging container services to Colombo (Sri Lanka) and Visakhapatnam (India), leveraging the port’s deep‑water berth for direct ULCV calls.
### Key Export Commodities
| Commodity | Primary Destination | Volume (2023) |
|-----------|---------------------|----------------|
| Tropical fruits (pineapples, lychees) | Singapore, Hong Kong | 1.2 Mt |
| Seafood (shrimp, fish fillets) | Japan, South Korea | 0.9 Mt |
| Refined petroleum products | Vietnam, Philippines | 1.5 Mt |
| Aluminum & steel products | Mainland China (Guangdong) | 2.0 Mt |
### Principal Import Goods
- **Machinery & equipment** (construction, aviation) from Germany and Japan.
- **Consumer electronics** (smartphones, PCs) from South Korea and the United States.
- **Fertilizers** (NPK) from Russia and Kazakhstan, supporting Hainan’s agricultural sector.
### Emerging Cargo Segments
The offshore oil and gas boom in the South China Sea has spurred a rise in **specialized support vessels, drilling rigs, and subsea equipment** transiting Yangpu. Additionally, the port is positioning itself as a **green energy hub**, with pilot projects for handling **hydrogen** and **lithium‑ion battery** shipments aligned with China’s carbon‑neutral targets.
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## References & Further Reading
- United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) – *World Port Statistics 2024* (provides comparative data on port throughput).
- International Maritime Organization – *Maritime Safety and Port State Control* guidelines (link: https://www.imo.org/en/OurWork/Pages/Port-State-Control.aspx).
*(All statistics are drawn from the latest publicly available reports from the Hainan Provincial Transportation Department and the Yangpu Port Group’s annual disclosures.)*
Port Intelligence
UN/LOCODE
CNYPG
Country
China
Province / Region
Hainan
Latitude
19.700000
Longitude
109.200000
Timezone
Asia/Shanghai
Nautical Map (OpenSeaMap)
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Frequently Asked Questions
What is the UN/LOCODE for Port of Yangpu Port?
The official UN/LOCODE for Port of Yangpu Port is CNYPG.
Where is Port of Yangpu Port located?
The Port of Yangpu Port is located in China, Hainan. Its coordinates are 19.7000°N, 109.2000°E.
What time zone is Port of Yangpu Port in?
Port of Yangpu Port operates in the Asia/Shanghai time zone.
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About the World Port Index
This data is sourced programmatically. The UN/LOCODE is the official geographic coding scheme used by the United Nations for trade and transport locations.
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