UN/LOCODE: CNBAY📍 China

Port of Bayuquan (UN/LOCODE CNBAY)

❖ Coordinates: 40.2306°N, 122.1078°E

❖ Time Zone: Asia/Shanghai

❖ UN/LOCODE: CNBAY

## About the Port The **Port of Bayuquan** (UN/LOCODE: **CNBAY**) is a major deep-water seaport situated on the eastern coast of the Liaodong Peninsula, facing the Bohai Sea. Administratively, it falls under the jurisdiction of Yingkou City in Liaoning Province, though it operates with significant autonomy as a designated state-level open port. Geographically positioned at **40.230636° N, 122.107814° E**, Bayuquan serves as the primary maritime gateway for Northeast China’s industrial heartland, collectively known as the "Old Industrial Base." Operating within the **Asia/Shanghai (UTC+8)** timezone, the port benefits from ice-free conditions year-round—a critical operational advantage over northern counterparts like Dalian or Tianjin during winter months. Its natural harbor configuration, protected by the peninsula’s topography, provides excellent shelter with minimal siltation, reducing maintenance dredging costs. The port is managed by **Yingkou Port Group Co., Ltd.**, a listed entity (SSE: 600317) that consolidates operations across Yingkou’s various port areas, with Bayuquan representing the group’s primary growth engine for containerized and bulk cargo throughput. ## History Bayuquan’s evolution from a modest fishing harbor to a strategic logistics hub mirrors China’s broader maritime modernization trajectory. While Yingkou’s "Old Port" on the Liao River estuary has centuries of history as a treaty port (opened 1861), its riverine location imposed draft restrictions and seasonal ice closures. Recognizing these constraints, the State Council approved the construction of a new deep-water port at Bayuquan in **1984**. Construction commenced in 1985, with the first 10,000-ton berth operational by 1989. The port was officially designated a **Class I open port** in 1992, permitting direct foreign trade. A pivotal inflection point occurred in **2003** with the establishment of the **Bayuquan Bonded Logistics Park** and the **Yingkou Coastal Industrial Base**, a national-level petrochemical and equipment manufacturing zone. This catalyzed a shift from simple transshipment to integrated industrial-logistics development. In 2016, the port group underwent a mixed-ownership reform, introducing strategic investors to fund the Phase III expansion. By 2021, Bayuquan was formally integrated into the **Liaoning Pilot Free Trade Zone**, enhancing its regulatory flexibility for cross-border e-commerce, bonded repair, and high-end manufacturing supply chains. ## Infrastructure & Facilities Bayuquan possesses a versatile terminal portfolio capable of handling the full spectrum of cargo categories. As of the latest available data, the port operates **66 production berths**, including **28 deep-water berths** exceeding 100,000 DWT capacity, with the largest accommodating **400,000 DWT Valemax** ore carriers—a rarity in the Bohai Bay. ### Container Terminals The port features three dedicated container terminal clusters: **Bayuquan Container Terminal (BQCT)**, **Yingkou New Century Container Terminal**, and the **China Shipping (COSCO) Terminal**. Collectively, they offer a quay length exceeding 3,200 meters with alongside depths of 15.5–17.5 meters. The terminal yards are equipped with **40+ quay cranes (including Super Post-Panamax)** and over 120 RTGs/ARMG units, supporting an annual design capacity surpassing **6.5 million TEU**. Recent automation upgrades include remote-controlled STS operations and an AI-driven Terminal Operating System (TOS) optimizing yard density. ### Bulk & Breakbulk Complexes Bayuquan is a global benchmark for dry bulk efficiency. The **Ore Terminal** utilizes a "ship-to-stockpile" continuous unloading system (gantry grab unloaders + belt conveyors) achieving average rates of 20,000+ tonnes/hour for iron ore. The **Coal Terminal** features enclosed circular stockyards with dust suppression systems meeting stringent environmental standards (GB 3095-2012). Dedicated berths handle grain (2.5M tonnes/year silo capacity), timber, steel products, and project cargo for the coastal industrial base. ### Liquid & Chemical Terminals The **Liquid Chemical Terminal** operates 12 berths (10,000–100,000 DWT) connected via a dedicated pipeline corridor to the **Yingkou Coastal Industrial Base** petrochemical parks. It handles crude oil, LPG, LNG (via FSRU compatibility), and over 200 categories of liquid chemicals, supported by a 1.2 million cubic meter tank farm. ### Rail & Hinterland Connectivity Intermodal efficiency is anchored by the **Harbin–Dalian High-Speed Railway** spur and the **Shenyang–Dalian Railway** freight lines, which terminate directly at the port’s **Marshalling Yard (capacity: 10,000 TEU/day)**. The **Shenyang-Dalian Expressway (G15)** and **Yingkou Bayuquan Expressway** provide road feeder access. This rail-sea integration positions Bayuquan as the primary maritime outlet for the **China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor** and the **Trans-Siberian Railway** landbridge. ## Economic Importance Bayuquan functions as the "Maritime Gate" for the **Northeast Revitalization Strategy**. It handles approximately **60% of Liaoning Province’s total port throughput** and serves as the logistics backbone for key industrial clusters: Anshan (steel), Benxi (coal/steel), Shenyang (machinery/auto), and Panjin (petrochemicals). In 2023, the port recorded a total cargo throughput exceeding **450 million tonnes**, maintaining a top-10 ranking among Chinese ports, with container volumes stabilizing near **5.8 million TEU**. It is the **largest iron ore import gateway in Northeast China** (handling >100M tonnes annually for Ansteel and Benxi Steel) and a critical **coal transshipment node** for domestic "West-to-East" and "North-to-South" energy transport. The **Bayuquan Bonded Logistics Park** and **Comprehensive Bonded Zone** amplify value-added services: bonded warehousing, international procurement distribution, entrepôt trade, and high-end equipment manufacturing (offshore wind components, LNG modules). The port’s direct contribution to Yingkou’s GDP exceeds 25%, driving urbanization in the Bayuquan District (population ~400,000). ## Trade Routes & Major Cargo ### Liner Network & Connectivity Bayuquan maintains **40+ international and domestic container lines**, connecting to **150+ ports across 50+ countries**. Key alliances (2M, Ocean Alliance, THE Alliance) deploy weekly services on major arteries: * **Far East – Europe/Mediterranean:** Direct calls via Suez (transit ~30 days). * **Far East – North America (WC/EC):** Panama/Suez routings. * **Intra-Asia:** High-frequency feeders to Korea (Busan/Incheon), Japan (Tokyo/Yokohama/Osaka), Southeast Asia (Singapore, Port Klang, Laem Chabang), and the Russian Far East (Vostochny, Vladivostok). * **Domestic Coastal:** "Sea-Rail Intermodal" block trains link Bayuquan to inland hubs: **Chongqing, Chengdu, Xi'an, Zhengzhou, Harbin, Manzhouli, and Erlian** (Mongolia border). ### Major Cargo Profile | Cargo Category | Annual Volume (Approx.) | Key Trade Partners / Origins | Operational Significance | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Iron Ore** | >100 Mt | **Australia (Pilbara), Brazil (Carajás), South Africa** | Dedicated Valemax berths; feeds Ansteel/Benxi Steel via conveyor. | | **Coal** | 80–90 Mt | **Indonesia, Australia, Russia, Mongolia** (rail/sea); Domestic (Qinhuangdao, Ordos) | Power gen & coking; "North Coal South Move" transshipment hub. | | **Containers** | 5.8M TEU | Global (Manufactured goods, auto parts, chemicals, reefer) | High reefer plug count (>2,000) for seafood/agri imports. | | **Crude Oil / Products** | 30–40 Mt | **Middle East, Russia (ESPO), Americas** | Feeds 20Mt/yr refinery & petrochemical complex in Coastal Base. | | **Grain / Soybeans** | 5–8 Mt | **USA, Brazil, Canada, Black Sea** | State reserve rotation; crushing plants in hinterland. | | **Steel / Project Cargo** | 10+ Mt | Domestic coastwise; Export to SE Asia, ME, Africa | Heavy-lift capacity (300t+ gantry) for wind power/bridge modules. | ### Strategic Corridors Bayuquan is the eastern maritime terminus for the **"Northbound Land-Sea Corridor"** linking the port via rail to **Manzhouli/Suifenhe** (Russia) and **Erlian/Zamyn-Uud** (Mongolia). It also anchors the **Bohai Rim Economic Circle** maritime shortcut, offering a 200nm distance saving versus southern ports for cargo destined for the three northeastern provinces (Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang) and eastern Inner Mongolia. For authoritative schedules and tariff regulations, stakeholders reference the **Yingkou Port Group Official Portal** and the **Ministry of Transport (MOT) Port Data Center**.

Port Intelligence

UN/LOCODE

CNBAY

Country

China

Province / Region

Liaoning

Latitude

40.230636

Longitude

122.107814

Timezone

Asia/Shanghai

Nautical Map (OpenSeaMap)

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the UN/LOCODE for Port of Bayuquan?

The official UN/LOCODE for Port of Bayuquan is CNBAY.

Where is Port of Bayuquan located?

The Port of Bayuquan is located in China, Liaoning. Its coordinates are 40.2306°N, 122.1078°E.

What time zone is Port of Bayuquan in?

Port of Bayuquan operates in the Asia/Shanghai time zone.

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About the World Port Index

This data is sourced programmatically. The UN/LOCODE is the official geographic coding scheme used by the United Nations for trade and transport locations.

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