Deck Cadet in Australia

Australia offers excellent opportunities for aspiring deck cadets seeking world-class maritime training and career prospects. The Australian maritime industry combines modern training infrastructure with strict safety standards regulated by the Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA), making it an attractive destination for maritime professionals worldwide.

Why Choose Australia for Your Deck Cadet Career?

Australia's maritime sector plays a critical role in the nation's economy, with over 98% of international trade by volume moving through Australian ports [Department of Infrastructure, 2023]. The country's extensive coastline spanning over 25,000 kilometers creates consistent demand for qualified deck officers across commercial shipping, offshore operations, and coastal transport sectors.

The Australian maritime training system follows STCW Convention standards while incorporating additional national requirements, ensuring graduates meet both international and domestic competency benchmarks. Australian Certificate of Competency (CoC) holders enjoy global recognition, facilitating international career mobility.

What Are the Requirements to Become a Deck Cadet in Australia?

Educational Qualifications

Aspiring deck cadets in Australia must meet specific academic prerequisites:

Minimum educational requirement: Successful completion of Year 12 (or equivalent) with acceptable grades in English and Mathematics. Some maritime colleges may require specific ATAR (Australian Tertiary Admission Rank) scores for entry into degree programs.

Preferred subjects: Physics, Mathematics Advanced, and English Studies provide strong foundations for maritime studies. Chemistry knowledge assists with understanding cargo operations and ship stability principles.

Age Requirements

The minimum age to commence deck cadet training in Australia is typically 16-17 years, though most trainees begin at 18 after completing secondary education. There is no strict upper age limit, though candidates over 30 may face additional assessment requirements.

Medical Fitness Standards

All deck cadet applicants must obtain an AMSA Medical Certificate (AMSA 706) issued by an approved maritime medical examiner. The examination assesses:

Visual acuity: Uncorrected vision no worse than 6/12 in each eye, correctable to 6/6
Color vision: Must pass the Ishihara color perception test or approved alternative
Hearing: Ability to hear whispered voice at 3 meters distance
Physical fitness: Adequate mobility and strength for shipboard duties
Mental health: Assessment of psychological fitness for isolated working environments

Medical certificates remain valid for two years for seafarers under 18 years, and five years for those aged 18 and above [AMSA Marine Order 9, 2022].

How Do You Become a Deck Cadet in Australia?

Step 1: Choose Your Training Pathway

Objective: Select the educational pathway that aligns with your career goals and circumstances.

Instructions:

Australia offers three primary pathways to becoming a deck officer:

Integrated Cadetship (Most Common): Combines academic study with supervised sea time over 3-4 years. Candidates enroll in an approved maritime college and secure employment with a shipping company sponsoring their training.

Degree Programs: Bachelor of Applied Science (Nautical Science) or equivalent degrees offered by Australian Maritime College (AMC) and selected TAFE institutions. These typically span three years and include mandatory sea phases.

Certificate III to Advanced Diploma Pathway: Vocational training route through TAFE colleges, progressing from Certificate III in Maritime Operations (Integrated Rating) to Diploma and Advanced Diploma levels.

Why This Step Matters: Different pathways suit different career goals. Degree programs often provide broader career options including port management and maritime administration, while certificate pathways focus specifically on operational competencies.

Pro Tips: Research employment prospects with major Australian shipping companies before choosing your training institution. Some colleges have stronger industry connections and higher employment rates for graduates.

Common Mistakes: Underestimating the financial commitment. While some companies offer sponsored cadetships covering tuition fees, self-funded training can cost between AUD $60,000 to $100,000 for degree programs.

Step 2: Apply to an Approved Maritime Training Institution

Objective: Gain admission to an AMSA-approved maritime education and training (MET) institution.

Instructions:

Submit applications to one or more of Australia's accredited maritime colleges:

Australian Maritime College (AMC) – Located in Launceston, Tasmania, AMC is Australia's national maritime training center offering comprehensive degree programs.

TAFE Maritime Colleges – Multiple states operate TAFE maritime programs, including TAFE NSW Maritime Institute at Ultimo, Sydney.

Application requirements typically include:

Completed application form with personal details
Certified copies of academic transcripts
Personal statement outlining maritime career motivation
Two professional or academic references
Proof of citizenship or visa status
Medical certificate (may be required at application or enrollment)

Why This Step Matters: Acceptance into an approved institution is mandatory for AMSA certification recognition. Non-approved programs do not lead to Australian CoC qualification.

Pro Tips: Apply early in the academic year cycle (applications often open 12 months before course commencement). Attend open days to assess facilities and meet instructors.

Common Mistakes: Failing to verify AMSA approval status. Always confirm the specific course is listed on the AMSA-approved programs register.

Step 3: Secure Cadet Employment or Sponsorship

Objective: Obtain a cadetship position with a shipping company to complete required sea time.

Instructions:

Australian deck cadet training mandates a minimum of 12 months approved sea time for Officer of the Watch certification. Securing employment involves:

Direct Company Applications: Major Australian shipping operators including SeaRoad, Toll Shipping, ASP Ship Management, and Svitzer Australia regularly recruit cadets.

College Placement Programs: Many maritime colleges maintain industry partnerships facilitating cadet placements. AMC's Industry Partnerships Office actively assists students with cadetship applications.

Maritime Job Portals: Websites like Maritime Jobs Australia, Seek Maritime, and company career pages advertise cadetship vacancies.

Prepare a professional maritime CV highlighting relevant qualifications, any boating experience, teamwork capabilities, and commitment to maritime careers.

Why This Step Matters: Without approved sea time, you cannot progress to officer certification regardless of academic achievement. Sea time must be completed on vessels meeting AMSA requirements under supervision of qualified deck officers.

Pro Tips: Consider offshore oil and gas industry cadet positions. Companies operating in Australia's offshore sector (especially Western Australia's North West Shelf) offer competitive cadetships with excellent training exposure.

Common Mistakes: Limiting applications to coastal shipping only. International shipping companies with Australian operations also recruit cadets for worldwide trading voyages, providing broader experience.

Step 4: Complete Maritime Security Identification Card (MSIC) Application

Objective: Obtain mandatory security clearance for port and vessel access.

Instructions:

All Australian seafarers require an MSIC for accessing maritime security zones. Application involves:

Complete MSIC application form through approved issuing body (varies by state)
Provide identity documents (passport, birth certificate, driver's license)
Submit to criminal history check
Provide biometric photograph and fingerprints
Pay application fee (approximately AUD $400-450)
Await security assessment (typically 60-90 days)

Why This Step Matters: MSIC is mandatory before commencing shipboard training. Processing times can delay training commencement if not initiated early.

Pro Tips: Begin MSIC application immediately after receiving training institution acceptance. The card remains valid for five years, covering your entire cadetship period.

Common Mistakes: Assuming college or employer will arrange MSIC. While some employers provide application support, individual applicants remain responsible for ensuring timely issuance.

Step 5: Commence Pre-Sea Training and STCW Courses

Objective: Complete mandatory shore-based safety and operational training before first sea assignment.

Instructions:

Before joining vessels, deck cadets must complete several STCW-mandated short courses:

Basic Safety Training (STCW A-VI/1):

Personal Survival Techniques
Fire Prevention and Fire Fighting
Elementary First Aid
Personal Safety and Social Responsibilities

Security Awareness Training (STCW A-VI/6-1)

Ship Security Officer Training (recommended for cadets)

These courses typically span 5-7 days and cost approximately AUD $1,500-2,000. Most maritime colleges incorporate these into cadetship programs, though standalone course providers exist nationwide.

Why This Step Matters: STCW basic training is internationally recognized and mandatory before undertaking watchkeeping duties. No cadet can sail without these certificates.

Pro Tips: Complete additional courses like Efficient Deck Hand or Able Seafarer Deck during college holidays to enhance employment prospects and provide practical skills before sea phases.

Common Mistakes: Assuming all safety certificates last indefinitely. Fire Fighting and First Aid certificates require renewal every five years throughout your maritime career.

Step 6: Complete Sea Time Training Phases

Objective: Accumulate required sea time while developing practical watchkeeping and operational competencies.

Instructions:

Australian deck cadet training requires minimum 12 months approved sea time, typically completed across multiple sea phases:

Sea Phase Structure:

First sea phase: 3-4 months (introductory watchkeeping under supervision)
College return period: Academic consolidation and assessment
Second sea phase: 4-6 months (progressive responsibility in bridge operations)
Final college period: Completion of theoretical studies
Third sea phase (if required): Final competency development

Onboard Training Activities:

Bridge watchkeeping under supervision of qualified officers
Navigation duties including chart work and passage planning
Cargo operations including loading, stowage, and discharge
Maintenance of navigational equipment and deck machinery
Emergency response drills and safety procedures
Meteorological observations and weather routing
GMDSS radio communications

Maintain a comprehensive Training Record Book documenting all practical activities and competencies achieved during sea phases.

Why This Step Matters: Sea time provides irreplaceable practical experience in real operating environments. AMSA strictly audits sea time documentation, and insufficient or improperly documented sea time prevents certification.

Pro Tips: Request assignments on different vessel types (container ships, bulk carriers, tankers) to broaden operational experience and improve employment flexibility after certification.

Common Mistakes: Failing to maintain detailed Training Record Book entries. Ensure supervising officers sign and date all competency assessments promptly while onboard.

Step 7: Complete Academic Assessments and Examinations

Objective: Successfully complete theoretical knowledge assessments covering all aspects of Officer of the Watch competency.

Instructions:

Maritime college programs assess cadets through:

Continuous Assessment: Assignment submissions, practical assessments in simulators, and project work throughout academic semesters.

Final Examinations: Written examinations covering subjects including:

Navigation (terrestrial and celestial)
Meteorology and oceanography
Ship stability and construction
Cargo handling and stowage
Maritime law and regulations
Collision regulations and bridge procedures
Emergency response and damage control
Leadership and resource management

Simulation Assessments: Bridge simulator exercises testing competency in navigation, collision avoidance, emergency response, and communications under various scenarios.

Why This Step Matters: Academic performance demonstrates theoretical knowledge underpinning safe watchkeeping practices. AMSA examinations are rigorous and maintain high standards expected of Australian maritime officers.

Pro Tips: Form study groups with fellow cadets to share knowledge and practice navigation problems collectively. Utilize simulator access outside scheduled classes to build confidence in bridge resource management.

Common Mistakes: Underestimating the mathematical complexity of navigation and stability calculations. Regular practice throughout the course prevents last-minute cramming.

Step 8: Apply for Certificate of Competency

Objective: Obtain Officer of the Watch (OOW) Certificate of Competency from AMSA.

Instructions:

After completing all training requirements, submit CoC application to AMSA:

Application Requirements:

Completed AMSA application form (Form 43)
Certified copies of academic transcripts and course completion certificates
Original Training Record Book with verified sea time documentation
Valid AMSA Medical Certificate
STCW course certificates (all basic safety training)
Proof of identity documents
Application fee (approximately AUD $450-550)

Submit applications through AMSA's online portal or mail to relevant state office. Processing typically takes 4-6 weeks for complete applications.

Why This Step Matters: The Certificate of Competency is your professional license to serve as a watchkeeping officer on commercial vessels. Without it, you cannot legally perform officer duties despite completing training.

Pro Tips: Ensure all sea time is properly documented with official vessel stamp and supervising officer signatures before leaving final sea assignment. Correcting documentation errors after disembarkation causes significant delays.

Common Mistakes: Submitting incomplete applications. Missing documents result in applications being returned unprocessed, delaying certification by months.

After Completion

How to Verify Success

Upon successful completion, you will receive:

Officer of the Watch (OOW) Certificate of Competency issued by AMSA, valid for five years subject to maintaining seafarer medical certificate and completing required refresher training.

Expected Outcome: As a newly certified Third Officer, expect starting salaries between AUD $65,000 to $85,000 annually for Australian coastal shipping positions, with international deep-sea positions potentially offering higher compensation packages.

Next Recommended Actions

Immediate Employment: Apply for Third Officer positions with Australian shipping companies. Many cadet sponsors offer guaranteed employment upon certification.

Endorsements and Additional Certificates: Consider specialized endorsements such as:

ECDIS Generic Course for electronic chart systems
Advanced Fire Fighting (STCW A-VI/3)
Medical First Aid or Medical Care (STCW A-VI/4)
Tanker familiarization courses if pursuing tanker operations

Professional Development: Join professional organizations like The Nautical Institute or Australian Institute of Marine and Power Engineers for networking and continuing professional development.

Maintenance Requirements

Certificate Revalidation: Certificates of Competency require revalidation every five years. Requirements include:

Valid seafarer medical certificate
Approved sea time or relevant shore-based service
Completion of approved refresher training courses
Evidence of maintaining professional competence

Continuous Professional Development: Maintain engagement with maritime industry developments through seminars, publications, and advanced training courses.

What Are the Major Shipping Companies in Australia?

Several major operators provide employment opportunities for Australian deck cadets and officers:

SeaRoad Shipping: Bass Strait specialist operating ro-ro freight services between Tasmania and mainland Australia. Known for structured cadet development programs.

Toll Shipping: Operates coastal container and bulk services connecting Australian ports. Part of Japan Post's logistics network.

ASP Ship Management: Major Australian ship management company providing crew management services for domestic and international vessel owners.

Svitzer Australia: Leading towage and salvage operator with significant presence in all major Australian ports.

Australian Maritime Officers Union (AMOU) Member Companies: Various smaller shipping lines operating under AMOU industrial agreements providing competitive terms and conditions.

What Is the Australian Maritime Regulatory Framework?

AMSA Oversight

The Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA) functions as Australia's national maritime safety regulator and port state control authority [Maritime Safety Act, 2012]. AMSA responsibilities include:

Certification and licensing of Australian seafarers
Approval of maritime education and training programs
Ship safety inspections and surveys
Marine environment protection
Search and rescue coordination

Navigation Act and Marine Orders

Australian maritime law operates primarily through the Navigation Act 2012 and associated Marine Orders covering specific operational areas. Marine Order 9 specifically addresses training and certification requirements for seafarers.

Industrial Relations Framework

Australian seafarers benefit from comprehensive industrial protections under Fair Work Act 2009 and specific Maritime Labour Convention 2006 provisions ratified by Australia. Award coverage through the Marine Towage Award or Seagoing Industry Award establishes minimum employment conditions including:

Minimum wage rates by rank and experience
Leave entitlements (annual leave, sick leave, long service leave)
Working hour limitations and overtime provisions
Occupational health and safety standards

How Much Do Deck Cadets Earn in Australia?

Deck cadet salaries in Australia range from AUD $45,000 to $65,000 annually during training phases, depending on employer, vessel type, and industrial agreement coverage [AMOU Pay Scale, 2023].

Qualified Third Officers earn between AUD $65,000 to $95,000 annually in coastal shipping, with offshore oil and gas industry positions offering AUD $100,000 to $130,000 for equivalent rank levels.

Additional financial considerations include:

Training Allowances: Sponsored cadets typically receive living allowances during college attendance periods, ranging from AUD $300-600 weekly.

Tax-Free Earnings: Seafarers on international voyages exceeding continuous periods may qualify for foreign earnings exemptions under Australian taxation law, significantly increasing take-home income.

Accommodation and Meals: All shipboard accommodation and meals provided at no cost, substantially reducing living expenses during sea time.

What Are the Career Progression Opportunities?

The Australian deck officer career pathway follows internationally recognized progression:

Third Officer (OOW) → Second Officer (typically 12-18 months sea time) → Chief Officer (additional 12-18 months and further examinations) → Master Mariner (minimum requirements vary by vessel size and trade).

Alternative career paths include:

Maritime Administration: Port authority roles, AMSA inspector positions, or Australian Border Force maritime component careers.

Maritime Surveying: Marine surveyor qualifications for insurance, classification societies, or independent practice.

Maritime Education: Instructor positions at maritime colleges with appropriate teaching qualifications.

Pilotage: Port and harbor pilot positions (typically requiring extensive local knowledge and Master qualification).

What Are the Challenges for Deck Cadets in Australia?

Geographic Isolation

Australia's geographic remoteness from major international shipping routes presents both advantages and limitations for deck officer training. Domestic coastal shipping provides excellent foundational experience, but exposure to international trades may be limited compared to Asian or European training programs.

Limited Fleet Size

Australia's relatively small domestic merchant fleet (approximately 80-90 vessels under Australian flag) creates competitive pressure for locally-based positions. Many Australian-certified officers pursue international employment with foreign shipping companies or offshore industries.

Cost of Training

Self-funded maritime education represents significant financial investment. Bachelor degrees cost between AUD $60,000-100,000 total, creating barriers for candidates without sponsored cadetships or substantial personal resources.

Troubleshooting

Problem: Cannot Secure Cadetship Sponsorship

Possible Causes: Highly competitive selection processes, limited advertised positions, inadequate application presentation.

Recommended Solutions:

Expand application scope to include smaller shipping operators and offshore service vessel companies
Gain relevant maritime experience through recreational sailing qualifications (Yachtmaster, Day Skipper certificates)
Consider self-funded initial training period to demonstrate commitment before seeking employment
Network through maritime industry events and conferences

Problem: Sea Time Documentation Issues

Possible Causes: Incomplete Training Record Book entries, missing officer signatures, insufficient vessel documentation.

Recommended Solutions:

Maintain meticulous daily records throughout sea phases
Request immediate sign-offs after completing competency demonstrations
Retain copies of all documentation in multiple formats (physical and digital)
Contact college maritime coordinators promptly if documentation concerns arise

Problem: Medical Certificate Difficulties

Possible Causes: Color vision deficiencies, corrected vision limitations, underlying health conditions.

Recommended Solutions:

Consult approved maritime medical examiner before commencing training to identify potential issues early
Investigate alternative assessment methods (lantern tests for color vision)
Consider specialist medical opinions where conditions may be managed through treatment
Understand that certain medical conditions may preclude unlimited certificate issuance but permit restricted certificates for specific trades

Best Practices

Maintain Professional Development: Subscribe to maritime publications like Australian Maritime & Safety Journal and international resources like Seaways magazine to stay current with industry developments.

Build Professional Networks: Actively engage with maritime professional organizations, attend industry conferences, and maintain relationships with college instructors and shipboard mentors.

Diversify Experience: Seek opportunities on various vessel types and trades to build comprehensive operational knowledge and increase employability.

Document Everything: Maintain detailed personal records of all training activities, certificates, medical assessments, and sea time documentation beyond minimum regulatory requirements.

Embrace Technological Advancement: Stay proficient with emerging maritime technologies including autonomous systems, digital navigation platforms, and modern ship management software.

Safety Considerations

Fatigue Management: Australian maritime regulations incorporate comprehensive fatigue management requirements under Marine Order 505. Deck cadets must understand rest hour requirements and reporting obligations.

Mental Health Support: Extended periods at sea can impact mental wellbeing. AMSA and industry partners provide mental health resources and support services for seafarers. Never hesitate to access these services when needed.

Shipboard Safety Culture: Actively participate in safety meetings, contribute to hazard identification processes, and maintain vigilant safety awareness in all operational activities.

Emergency Preparedness: Regular participation in emergency drills and maintaining proficiency in survival craft operations, firefighting, and medical response procedures.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can international students train as deck cadets in Australia?

Yes, international students can enroll in Australian maritime training programs. They must obtain appropriate student visas and meet the same academic and medical requirements as domestic students. However, employment as deck cadets may present challenges as many shipping companies prioritize Australian citizens or permanent residents for cadetship positions. International students should clarify employment prospects with prospective colleges and employers before committing to training.

What is the difference between AMC and TAFE maritime programs?

Australian Maritime College offers university-level degree programs (Bachelor of Applied Science in Maritime Technology or Nautical Science) providing broader education including maritime law, business management, and research components. TAFE programs focus on vocational competency through Certificate, Diploma, and Advanced Diploma pathways emphasizing practical skills. Both routes lead to Officer of the Watch certification, though degree programs may provide advantages for shore-based maritime career transitions.

Do Australian deck cadets need to sit AMSA examinations?

Australian maritime training follows an integrated assessment model. Cadets completing approved maritime college programs receive certificates based on continuous assessment and college examinations rather than separate AMSA written examinations. However, AMSA reviews all applications and may require additional assessment if concerned about training quality or documentation adequacy.

Can I work internationally with an Australian Certificate of Competency?

Yes, Australian Certificates of Competency are recognized internationally under STCW Convention provisions. Australian certificates receive acceptance from major flag states and are highly respected in the international maritime industry. Many Australian-certified officers pursue international careers with European, Asian, or Middle Eastern shipping companies.

How long does it take to become a Captain in Australia?

From commencing cadet training to achieving Master Mariner qualification typically requires 8-12 years, including:

Initial Officer of the Watch certification: 3-4 years
Second Officer progression: Additional 12-18 months
Chief Officer qualification: Further 18-24 months plus examinations
Master certification: Additional sea time requirements (typically 12-18 months as Chief Officer minimum)

Actual timeframes vary based on individual career progression, vessel types operated, and whether pursuing limited or unlimited master certificates.

What happens if I fail college examinations?

Maritime colleges typically offer supplementary examination opportunities for failed subjects, though policies vary by institution. Repeated failures may result in course discontinuation. Most colleges provide academic support services including tutoring and study skills programs to assist struggling students. Early engagement with support services improves success rates.

Are there opportunities for female deck cadets in Australia?

Absolutely. The Australian maritime industry actively promotes diversity and encourages female participation in deck officer roles. Several Australian shipping companies operate inclusive employment practices, and industry organizations run mentorship programs supporting women in maritime careers. Female deck cadets face identical training requirements and enjoy equal career progression opportunities as male colleagues.

What age is considered too old to start deck cadet training?

There is no regulatory upper age limit for commencing deck officer training in Australia. However, practical considerations exist. The physical demands of shipboard work, lengthy career pathway to senior ranks, and employer preferences may affect prospects for older candidates. Candidates over 35-40 years should carefully consider career timelines and ensure physical fitness before committing to training investments. That said, mature-age cadets often bring valuable life experience and strong work ethics that benefit maritime careers.

How does Australian deck cadet training compare to UK or European programs?

Australian programs maintain comparable standards to UK MCA or European maritime training, all governed by STCW Convention requirements. Australian training emphasizes practical bridge simulation and tends to incorporate more integrated coursework in business and maritime law. Australian cadets typically accumulate sea time on modern vessels with advanced technology. UK programs benefit from proximity to major international shipping centers and larger maritime industry sectors. Both systems produce competent, internationally recognized officers.

Can I convert a foreign deck officer certificate to an Australian certificate?

Yes, qualified foreign deck officers can apply for Australian Certificate of Competency recognition under STCW Convention provisions. Requirements include verification of original certification, submission of authenticated documentation, possible requirement for additional examinations or assessments (particularly regarding Australian maritime law and regulations), and current medical fitness. AMSA maintains detailed application procedures for certificate recognition on its website.

Related Resources

Official Resources:

Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA) - Primary regulatory authority for certification and safety
Australian Maritime College (AMC) - National maritime training institution
Maritime Training Package (MAR) - National vocational training competency standards

Professional Organizations:

The Nautical Institute Australia - Professional development and networking
Australian Maritime Officers Union (AMOU) - Industrial representation and employment support
Company of Master Mariners of Australia - Senior officer professional body

Career Resources:

Maritime Jobs Australia - Specialized maritime employment portal
Australian Maritime Safety Authority Careers - Regulatory career opportunities
Offshore Energy Today - Oil and gas industry maritime positions

Continuing Education:

AMSA approved short course providers - STCW refresher training
Simulator training centers - Advanced bridge and cargo simulation
Professional maritime publications - Ongoing industry knowledge

Conclusion

Becoming a deck cadet in Australia offers access to world-class maritime training within a supportive regulatory framework that prioritizes safety, competence, and professional development. While the pathway requires significant commitment, dedication, and financial investment, successful graduates enter a profession offering diverse career opportunities, competitive compensation, and genuine global mobility.

The combination of rigorous AMSA standards, quality maritime education institutions, and Australia's strategic position in Asia-Pacific shipping lanes positions Australian-certified deck officers for successful international maritime careers. Whether pursuing domestic coastal operations, international deep-sea voyaging, or specialized offshore sectors, Australian deck cadet training provides the foundational competencies necessary for lifelong maritime professional achievement.

References & Citations

[AMSA, 2022] Australian Maritime Safety Authority, "Marine Order 9 (Seafarer Qualifications) 2022"

[AMSA Marine Order 9, 2022] Australian Maritime Safety Authority, "Marine Order 9 Part 2 - Medical Fitness"

[AMOU Pay Scale, 2023] Australian Maritime Officers Union, "Certified Agreement Pay Scales 2023"

[Department of Infrastructure, 2023] Australian Government Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development, Communications and the Arts, "Australian Maritime Statistics 2023"

[Maritime Safety Act, 2012] Australian Government, "Navigation Act 2012"